International marketing strategies

Table of Contents Introduction Starbucks background information Theoretical framework Analysis-application of theory to evidence Conclusion Recommendations References Introduction International marketing strategy is the act of identifying the needs of customers in foreign countries, and supplying them with the required goods or services. This may also entail consideration of the right place, at an affordable price that is favorable to the customers. International marketing strategy involves communicating and handling customer relationships. This is to ensure the business remain beneficial to customers as well as the stakeholder (Khanh, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on International marketing strategies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To some extent, some multinational corporations are lucky to use the same strategy in domestic and international marketing. For instance, a company such as pen manufa cturing organization has a slogan that can be globally applied â€Å"finest writing in the world† (Isobel Lowe, 2008). It has always been a beneficial aspect of any organization in understanding the importance of international marketing concepts. Most international companies offer goods and services targeting global audience. Starbucks background information This discussion below will focus on Starbucks International Corporation and its international marketing strategies that have made it succeed globally. Starbucks is the largest coffee house corporation globally, based in Seattle Washington. The company has ventured in more than 55 countries with most of its stores in United States, Canada and United Kingdom (Onkvisit Shaw, 2008). The company has a history of expanding rapidly through the sale of its main products such as beverages, pastries, whole coffee beans, and merchandise. Most of the company’s products are sold seasonally, while some are made specifically fo r a certain locality. In addition, to breakfast component that star bucks sells, the company has an entertainment division and listen music brand. Marketing books, music and the film are also part of their products in the market. The most intriguing part of Starbucks marketing expansion is that it started as a single small store in 1971. The company has expanded and attained a level of 21st century coffee giant. This change of size is managed through marketing strategies. The company has put some measure to ensure that, its growth and development does not affect its culture, as well as its leadership goals. Through the application of marketing strategies globally, star bucks has also encountered several challenges, some of which it developed some solutions. Just like any other company, the marketing of star bucks in the international market has not been so easy, but it managed to withstand several challenges. The key issues that have been focused on by star bucks include the urge to expand its profitability in Japan, managing the markets threats, maximizing in advertising as well as in research and development (Svend, 2007).Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company has also made extra efforts in enhancing its corporate strategy to ensure its global marketing has run smoothly. Just like any other corporation, the main objective of star buck is to increase its profitability. The company has adopted various strategies to ensure it maintains a competitive edge. Theoretical framework International marketing strategy entails several processes, which any multinational company has to follow. It is evident that some companies have tried to adopt international marketing, but they fail. Some of the major concepts of international marketing strategy are market assessment, and the consideration of the four ps of marketing (Kurtz, 2009). The four ps are the product, price, place, and promotion aspect. The market assessment concept is the new factor and entails many other factors when a company is adopting an international marketing strategy. The first part of marketing assessment involves background identification of the customers’ requirements in the readily available market. This is the point where a company would be required to list all the countries, where its products or services can best serve. A whole country cannot be a target, so groups that can best utilize the goods or service are identified. The second part of market assessment is to cut down the list prepared in the first part, depending on the finances and economic factors of various markets segments. The principal financial factors that may need to be put in place are the prevailing interest rates, inflation rates, and other monetary policies within a given country (Pride, 2010). Economic factors include the magnitude, intensity, and growth potential of a certain market segment. This analysis would help an organization to eliminate unfavorable countries from the original list. The third step involves the company in question to determine the legal and political forces of the left countries in the list. This is crucial, as it is advantageous to ensure that the laws of a certain country would protect the business rights. It would be a significant mistake for any company to plan to venture in a politically unstable nation like Iran. The fourth step is in considering the socio-cultural forces of the potential country. The moral and cultural values of the country would profoundly affect the progress and operation of the business (Ferrell, 2010). It would be advisable to determine what is allowed and what is not. For instance, some religious beliefs do not allow the consumption of caffeine, which is a vital component in coffee and tea. In a country where, such religion is dominant, there would be no need of extending the coffee business there.Adver tising We will write a custom term paper sample on International marketing strategies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More At this level of market assessment, the company would be left with a choice of two or more countries to venture. It would be appropriate stage to consider the competitive factors in the remaining countries. This decision depends on the policies of the organization; some would prefer where there is less competition, while some may prefer where there is stiff competition (Lussier, 2008). For instance, where there are so many companies of selling breakfast components, it is evident that there are potential customers for the products. This would lead to another company to extend its products there. The final step of market assessment is doing the practical evaluation of the chosen countries through a field trip. The result of such trip gives the final solution concerning the most appropriate goods or services to be o ffered in the found market. The product strategies are at times different, depending on the product or the intended target group. There are products that may not require any form of modifications, while some must be modified to meet the requirements of the customers. For instance, a company manufacturing pens does not require any modifications. However, some products must be modified depending on the culture and local laws of the country. For instance, the companies that manufacture chewing gums usually pack them in 10 to 20 pieces for their United States customers, who have high purchasing power (Thomson Fuller, 2010). However, in countries with weak purchasing powers the pieces packed goes up to five, to match the requirements of the customers. The promotion strategy, as well takes a different move, depending on a country. Most of multinational enterprises make use of advertisement, when promoting their products in other countries. There are several options of promotion, which a company may adopt depending on the products or services. For instance, similar products may take similar promotion slogan, or similar products with different promotion slogans. A company may decide to use the same promotion slogan for different products, or else, different products with different selling slogans. The pricing strategy also depends on several factors such as government laws, and legal forces. Most of the countries have put a maximum and minimum prices on the commodities sold there. Place strategy depends on the customers. Multinational enterprises should always place their products at the most convenience position for their customers (Daily news, 2008). The use of distribution channels should assist the customers to obtain the product or a service at an affordable price. The used distribution channel has an effect on the price of the product, and this should also be considered, depending on the affordability of the customers.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Analysis-application of theory to evidence The marketing strategy of star bucks has motivated most of the companies towards their success. Its history and rapid expansion have made this company act as a role model for other multinational enterprises. From its single store in 1970s, the company has grown to a great empire in United States and other foreign countries. Globally, star bucks have acted as a motivation for many businesses of all sizes, because it started as a small business (Dawson, 2002). Several business schools have studied the unique marketing strategy of star bucks, in their efforts of determining how such strategies work out. The international marketing strategy is referred to as unique, as the company makes use of unconventional strategies. Starbucks does not promote its products in billboards, spaces or a newspaper. Most of the large and famous companies make use of such methods to promote their products. According to the market research that Starbucks conducted, it made a decision of using unconventional methods to promote its products domestically, and internationally. Most of the leading promotion strategies that Starbucks used included, â€Å"perfect cup of coffee† this is one of its strategies of promoting the company’s coffee (Kembell, 2002). This slogan emphasizes on the quality of the product. Despite the high prices of its coffee, the company has tried to provide customers with a satisfying product. Starbucks coffee is a rich product with delicious flavor and aroma. Another strategy is â€Å"third place†, from the beginning; the marketing strategy of star bucks has focused on creating an extra place for customers between home and work. This strategy attracted most customers, due to its relaxing and unique experience. The concept of the third place is strongly attached to this company, and customers seem to appreciate. Starbucks have also invested considerably on ensuring customer satisfaction. It is evident that , from the store entrance to the last drop of their coffee, customers are made to feel the goodness of enjoying Starbucks products. The company has also come up with a community around its brand. This is created through their website, where customers are given an opportunity to air their experiences with star bucks (Kembell, 2002). The company, in turn, participate in customers views, to ensure they feel catered for by the company. By smart partnership, star bucks have managed to venture into various countries, and thrive well in business. This strategy has enabled the company to increase its sales in most of its stores. This was a clear demonstration that even successful businesses need assistance for them to achieve their set goals. This strategy started in 1993, when Starbuck collaborated with Barnes and Noble bookstore in America. The main theme of this partnership was to ensure the availability of its products to bookstore customers. In 1995, Starbucks collaborated with Canadia n Bookstore Company with the same purpose of products expansion. Moreover, in 1996, the company still collaborated with Pepsi-cola Company, with the aim of initiating a business called North American coffee partnership (Kembell, 2002). Among many more, the company has also collaborated with Hyatt Hotels Corp, to ensure its customers receive the best product at the right place. Through partnership strategy, Starbucks was able to achieve its goals, venture into new markets, and increase its financial base. Companies working together and sharing financial risks may achieve targets easily. The products and services of Starbucks have been always modified through creative and innovative ideas, to meet the requirements of the customers. For instance, the company introduced various flavors to its coffee, and new foods on its menu. Moreover, Starbucks was among the first companies to enable Internet services in its stores (Onkvisit Shaw, 2008). Brand marketing is another crucial strategy th at Starbucks uses. This entails, word of mouth promotion and letting outstanding features of its products and services speak for themselves. The current success of the company has been enhanced by its unique marketing strategies. The use of diversified revenue stream is another international marketing strategy that Starbucks has adopted. The company understands the risks of putting all eggs in one basket. According to Data Monitor, in 2003 the sales of Starbuck comprised of 75% beverages, 13% food products, 6% coffee beans, and 6% were made of coffee making tools (Kembell, 2002). The company is still in the plan of searching for extra chances in distribution channels for its products. In 2005, the distribution outlets in star bucks increased from 20000 to 31200. These outlets were selling their products such as Wal-Mart, Target, and several grocery stores (Nugroho, 2006). The increase of outlets was approximately 50% increment, which expanded their capability to serve as many custom ers as possible (Onkvisit Shaw, 2008). The introduction of new retail stores, and the increased cash flow from the existing stores led to increased company profitability. The introduction of new outlets was associated with the introduction of new products. In 2005 when the company increased its outlets, the net revenue was $6, 369,300 that was an increment from $5,294,247, which was the net revenue for 2004(Nugroho, 2006). The history of star bucks gives an evidence of diverse channels of distribution for its products. The company has a unique strategy of reaching and serving customers in their working places, when travelling, and even when dining. This has been made possible through the incorporation of competent third parties, which understands better value and quality commitment of star bucks. For instance, through the assistance of food service companies, star bucks managed to distribute whole bean and ground coffees to offices, restaurants, and even in health care facilities. For instance, according to the company financial reports, it was evident that, in 2001, the company had more than 5500 food service accounts, which managed to contribute more than 30% of the total revenues of the company in the same year (Nugroho, 2006). This was a clear show of how the third party companies are assisting the company to reach out to its customers. The company has made extra efforts in ensuring its products reach the intended customers at the right place and condition. Star bucks have ventured in more than fifty countries with so many outlets. The company has even introduced online selling of its products, whereby the customers can purchase the products anywhere, and anytime. This has created much convenience for those customers, who are always busy (Kembell, 2002). They also have a tendency of reaching the customers by concentrating their outlets at one point. Star buck is known to promote its product both nationally and internationally levels. They have used variou s media services to reach the customers through placing adverts for their quality products. Severally, they hold promotion for their products, where people are given chances to taste their coffee, as an effort of building brand loyalty to the customers. In 2010, when Starbucks were celebrating its 40th anniversary, the key theme was to facilitate the development of their brand image. The company introduced new images for coffee cups, cups holders, as well as for the shopping bags (Grant, 2010). During this period, the company also introduced a new coffee blend to the public, which they named Tribute. All these new modifications to their products were for ensuring the constant development of their brand image. The new identity was marked by a bright green color that showed vibrancy of the products. The company wanted to portray the act of evolution for their products. The main theme was to re-energize their customers, both existing and new ones. Any change to the brand image of the c ompany should be carefully handled, as it may end up confusing the customers. The understanding and acceptance of customers are particularly crucial factor that need to be considered first (Grant, 2010). The change may also act as a limitation of widening the product line, as they may end up losing the new customers, who may not be so familiar with the company. Conclusion The management of star bucks has tried to ensure the achievement of the most crucial aspects of the company. The company was in dire need of expanding its profitability in Japan. This was to be achieved through increasing its outlets up to 1000 in 2007. The company managed to achieve this number, and eventually its profitability started increasing (Zatorska, 2009). Another crucial issue was to manage its threats in the market. The company has been facing stiff competition from big companies such as Folgers, Kellogg, general mills, and post. The unique strategies of international marketing for Starbucks have enabled it to compete effectively. Starbucks has always looked forward to maximizing its advertisement coverage, to reach as many customers as possible (Onkvisit Shaw, 2008). This has been made possible through the establishment of online interaction of the company with its customers. Through online advertisement, the company can reach wider market coverage. Although it has also participated in thorough research and development programs, there is also much to be discovered about the local customers’ tastes and preferences. Understanding customers more, would mean better services, hence increment of customer base and profitability. Recommendations Currently, people globally are becoming health conscious; hence, the Starbucks Corporation should introduce organic food products and health drinks. Most of the products currently are focusing on the healthy of their customers. Through the provision of such items, the company can improve its image, as well as increased customer base. On th eir catering department, the company can also offer office or home delivery at some incidences (Knorrl, 2009). Through this service, star buck would end up attracting more customers such as big companies, who can rely on coffee delivery to their offices. The service has a higher possibility of resulting to long-term contracts, between star bucks and potential clients. Although Starbucks have expanded in foreign countries, the company has not exploited all the available opportunities. The company has portrayed a trend of depending extremely on its domestic stores success. As it ventures into other countries, the company should conduct thorough market assessment. Recently the company was forced to terminate its services in three outlets, in Singapore. A thorough analysis especially on social and cultural aspects of the country is very crucial. Despite that, the company has developed a community with its brand; it should also improve its corporate image. Another opportunity, through wh ich Starbucks can increase its sales, is by increasing bottled drinks. Most of its bottled drinks are sold in supermarkets and in special stores, which requires to be expanded. Several suggested products are considered as favorite by the customers such as seasonal drinks and iced tea, and can increase its sales. The expansion of bottled drinks in most of its stores globally would also improve the customers’ awareness of the product. It has also been suggested that, if Starbucks could extend its services matching culture preferences, this would increase its customer base globally (Onkvisit Shaw, 2008). For instance, it is well known that Chinese are more interested in tea than coffee, and so the market for tea would do well in china. More market research concerning the local tastes and preferences should be done, to ensure the customers’ satisfactions are well met. Research on local culture internationally should be done to ensure wide market coverage. References Daily news, 2008, Starbucks takes coffee break. Daily News. Web. Dawson, C., 2002, Losses climb as starbucks Japans growth grinds  Down. International Asian business. Web. Ferrell, C., 2010, Marketing Express. Minnesota: Cengage Learning. Grant, R., 2010, Contemporary strategy analysis. New York: Wiley-Blackwell. Isobel, D., Lowe, R., 2008, International marketing strategy: analysis, development  and implementation. New York: Cenage Learning. Kembell, B., 2002, Catching the Starbucks fear. Business Marketing. Web. Khanh, P., 2009, Marketing strategy of Starbucks coffee. New York: GRIN Verlag. Knorrl, L., 2009, International commerce. Michigan: Cengage Learning. Kurtz, D., 2009, Contemporary Marketing. Michigan: Cengage Learning. Lussier, R., 2008, Management Fundamentals: concepts, Applications, skill  development. New York: Cengage Learning. Nugroho, D., 2006, Starbucks strategy. Starbucks global quest. Web. Onkvisit, S., Shaw, J., 2008, International marketing: strategy and the ory. New York: Taylor Francis. Pride, W., 2010, Foundations of Marketing. Michigan: Cengage Learning. Svend, H., 2007, Global marketing: a decision-oriented approach. New York: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Thomson, N., Fuller, C., 2010, Basic strategy in context: European Text and cases.  New York: John Wiley and Sons. Zatorska, M., 2009, Strategy of starbucks in Japan. International Marketing. Web. This term paper on International marketing strategies was written and submitted by user Lexie Pate to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

O zone essays

O zone essays Ozone is an important molecule in maintaining the homeostasis in the environment. Ozone, the molecule O3, makes a layer in the stratosphere, situated 10 to 15 kilometers from the earth's surface. The dioxide molecule, O2 and Oxygen atom O, collide with each other result in the formation of Ozone, O3. In this reaction, the molecule O3 contains an excess of energy. Once the molecule is formed, it is not stable enough to last long. The energy-rich O3 molecules discards the excess energy by colliding with another atom or molecule and transferring the energy in the form of heat. In the results of the decomposition of ozone into O2 and O in the ozone layer, solar radiation is absorbed. This process of the chemical bond breaking causing the absorption of a photon by a molecule is called photodissociation. Radiation with sufficient intensity, is capable of separating the O3 molecule, resulting in photodissociation. The cyclic process formation and decomposition of ozone provides a shield against ultraviolet radiation that enter the earth's atmosphere. If it were not for the chemical reaction of radiation and ozone in the stratosphere, these high-energy photons would penetrate the earth's surface. The ozone layer absorbers about 99% of the harmful radiation which makes it possible for animals and plants to live on the planet. In 1974, F. Sherwood Rowland and Mario Molina of the University of California proposed that chlorine from chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) could deplete the ozone layer. Beginning in 1957 to 1985, the British Antarctic Survey had measured the average ozone concentration over Halley Bay in Antarctica. Up until 1974, the ozone concentration remained stable. Yet after 1974, the team observed a decline of the ozone layer to levels less than 10%. From this study the awareness over the danger of the "hole" and ultraviolet radiation and the destruction being done to the earth. ...

Adult Health History and Examination Essay Sample

Neurological System concerns. caput hurts. giddiness. paroxysms. shudders. failing. numbness. prickling. trouble speech production. and trouble get downing etc. . medicine ) : Neurologically JP is integral. Alert ox3 clear address with no vacillations. c/o concerns and giddiness on occasion. upon originating in the am. She admits being â€Å"little stressed to household situations† and revolving displacements ( DAYS/NIGHTS ) . Suggested to seek EAP ( Employee Assistance Program ) at work Head and Neck ( hurting. concerns. head/neck hurt. cervix hurting. lumps/swelling. surgeries on head/neck. medicines: LH has full ROM to make out and caput. closes her eyes and able to keep her weaponries and hands out without rocking. LH takes Motrin 800mg for concerns. Motrin ( isobutylphenyl propionic acid ) is a no steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ( NSAID ) . It works by cut downing endocrines that cause redness and hurting in the organic structure. This medical specialty may besides do se rious effects on the tummy or bowels. including shed blooding or perforation ( forming of a hole ) . These conditions can be fatal and can happen without warning while you are taking Motrin. particularly in older grownups. Nursing Drug Handbook ( 2013 ) Eyes ( oculus hurting. blurred vision. history of crossed eyes. redness/swelling in eyes. irrigating. rupturing. injury/surgery to oculus. glaucoma proving. vision trial. spectacless or contacts. medicines: LH has myopia and astigmia. She wears spectacless for rectification and contact lenses for aesthetics. no familial history of glaucoma. last oculus test on Sept 12. with no jobs. Ears ( otalgia or other ear hurting. history of ear infections. discharge from ears. history of surgery. trouble hearing. environmental noise exposure. dizziness. medicines: LH states â€Å"better than norm. † â€Å"I can’t see. but I sure can hear† . Denies tinnutitis. or being subjected to loud noises. She has had no surgeries or infections. Nose. Mouth. and Throat ( discharge. sores or lesions. hurting. epistaxiss. shed blooding gu ms. sore pharynx. allergic reactions. surgeries. usual dental attention. medicines: LH joke physiological reaction integral. unwritten mucosa moist. tap integral. Teeth intact. pits noted on 2 back dentition. last dental test was Jan2012. with a pit filled. discussed the demand to floss more. she brushes daily and after repasts. Reports frequent rhinorrhea and rhinal congestion. during the spring and summer. She self-treats this with over the antagonistic Claritin-D 10/200mg LH feels that she has seasonal allergic reactions. she refuses allergy proving. LH provinces â€Å"I do non necessitate to be poked to cognize I have hay fever† . Reinforced to LH the drug categorization and side effects of Claritin D. The decongestant in Claritin-D is Pseudoephedrine sulphate. which is the man-made salt of one of the of course happening dextrorotatory. diastereomers of ephedrine. It is classified as an indirect adrenergic aminoalkane. and is in the amphetamine category. Nursing Drug Handbook ( 2013 ) The American Dental Association recommends that grownups brush their dentitions two times a twenty-four hours. Research has shown that infections in t he oral cavity may be associated with bosom disease. shot. diabetes. pneumonia and other wellness jobs that are common in older grownups ( American Dental Association. 2012 ) Skin. Hair and Nails ( skin disease. alterations in colour. alterations in a mole. inordinate waterlessness or wet. itchiness. bruising. and roseola or lesions. recent hair loss. altering nails. environmental hazards/exposures. medicines ) : LH has soft. lissome warm tegument. LH has old acne marking over facial country stated â€Å"I had truly bad hickeies when I was younger and used to picked them. but I have non had any issues in years† . LH besides has thinning hair â€Å"I have had had it for years† . Maternal History of Alopecia and thinning hair. LH female parent started losing hair in teens. LH uses Rogaine shampoo 3 times a hebdomad. Women see more dramatic. localized hair thinning. even a noticeable bald topographic point. This status is called male form phalacrosis. or androgenous alopecia ( AGA ) . and it is the most common signifier of hair loss in both work forces and adult females. It about ever occurs on the top and sides of the caput and above the brow. and may besides affect inordinate hair growing on the face and other countries on the organic structure. though the scope of badness is broad. WebMD. com. Rogaine dilates blood vass in the scalp. which may better hair follicle map and stimulate hair growing. Rogaine is used to handle male pattern phalacrosis in patients who are sing bit by bit thinning hair on the top of the caput. World Wide Web. drugs. com Breasts and Axilla ( hurting or tenderness. balls. nipple discharge. roseola. swelling. injury or hurt to breast. mammography. breast self-exam. medicines ) : LH denies implants. injury or hurt LH stated â€Å"I would love saline implants. I breast fed both of my kids â€Å"She performs self-breast tests in the shower monthly. and her physician test her annual for her physical. Her last mammogram was April 2012. Mammogram is a low-dose x-ray test of the chests to look for alterations that are non normal. The consequences are recorded on x-ray movie or straight into a computing machine for a physician called a radiotherapist to analyze. Womenshealth. gov Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic System ( leg hurting. spasms. and skin alterations in weaponries or legs. swelling in legs or mortise joints. conceited secretory organs. medicines ) : LH studies that she does non hold leg spasms or hurting. but that she does hold â€Å"varicose veins† . LH denies usage of compaction hosiery. Promote to utilize compaction hosiery. when standing and sitting for long periods. Cardiovascular System ( chest hurting or stringency. SOB. cough. swelling of pess or custodies. household history of cardiac disease. tyre easy. self-history of bosom disease. medicines ) : LH denies shortness of breath. weariness or puffiness of appendages. LH has a maternal and paternal history of high blood pressure. LH understands the branchings of familial history of high blood force per unit area. Denies chest hurting. Hypertension occurs when the blood force per unit area. or force of blood forcing against the blood vas walls. gets excessively high and corsets that manner. It occurs most frequently in African-Americans. The top figure. or systolic blood force per unit area. occurs when the bosom pumps or contracts. The bottom figure. or diastolic blood force per unit area. occurs when the bosom is resting or loosen uping. Most wellness professionals agree t hat the upper scope of normal blood force per unit area should be 130/80 or less. World Wide Web. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. gov Thorax and Lungs ( cough. SOB. hurting on inspiration or termination. chest hurting with external respiration. history of lung disease. smoking history. living/working conditions that affect take a breathing. last TB skin trial. grippe shooting. pneumococcal vaccinum. chest x-ray. medicines ) : LH denies COPD. asthma. bronchitis. No history of smoke. Last TB trial was October 2012 for occupation annually testing. Musculoskeletal System ( joint hurting ; stiffness ; swelling. heat. inflammation in articulations ; restriction of motion ; musculus hurting or cramping ; malformation of bone or articulation ; accidents or injury to castanetss ; back hurting ; trouble with activity of day-to-day life. medicines ) : LH had a right articulatio genus arthroscopy on January 11. 2013. She has been ramble oning 3x hebdomadal for the past 18 old ages. The articulatio genus surgery was for normal wear and rupture due to running on difficult surfaces. LH has full read-only memory on left appendage. LH is presently taking Nucynta 50mg for hurting alleviation. Tapentadol ( trade names: Nucynta ) is a centrally moving analgetic with a double manner of action as an agonist of the ?-opioid receptor and as a norepinephrine re-uptake inhibitor. It is besides an agonist of the ?2 receptor. though the map of this orphan receptor remains controversial. W hile its analgetic actions have been compared to tramadol and oxycodone. its general authority is someplace between tramadol and morphia in effectivity. It has opioid and nonopioid activity in a individual compound. Nursing Drug Handbook ( 2013 ) . Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical process in which an scrutiny and sometimes intervention of harm of the inside of a joint is performed utilizing an arthroscopy. a type of endoscopy that is inserted into the joint through a little scratch. Arthroscopic processs can be performed either to measure or to handle many orthopaedic conditions including lacerate floating gristle. lacerate surface gristle. ACL Reconstruction. and paring damaged gristle. Gastrointestinal System ( alteration in appetite – addition or loss ; trouble swallowing ; nutrients non tolerated ; abdominal hurting ; sickness or emesis ; frequence of BM ; history of GI disease. ulcers. and medicines ) : LH denies any issues of digestion ; she eats 2 full repasts daily ( breakfast and dinner ) and bites between. largely fruits and nuts. LH is 67 inches and 148 pound. Genitourinary System ( recent alteratio n. frequence. urgency. nycturia. dysuria. polyuria. oliguria. hesitance or straining. urine colour. narrowed watercourse. incontinency. history of urinary disease. hurting in wing. inguen. suprapubic part or low back ) : LH denies any urinary frequence. dysuria or polyuria at this clip. Physical Examination ( Comprehensive scrutiny of each system. Record findings. ) Neurological System ( test of all 12 cranial nervousnesss. motor and centripetal appraisals ) : Luteinizing hormone is able to smile. smirk and wink without trouble. Her face is symmetrical with no nonvoluntary motions ( i. e. jerking ) . She able to place odors and gustatory sensation without trouble. All cranial nervousnesss are integral. Head and Neck ( feel the skull. inspect the cervix. inspect the face. feel the lymph nodes. feel the windpipe. palpate and auscultate windpipe and thyroid secretory organ ) : Trachea is clear. thyroid is midline integral. Lymph nodes are little and non-visible LH’s caput is circular and is normocephalic. with no tenderness upon tactual exploration. She has dry thinning hair. Eyes ( test ocular sharp-sightedness. ocular Fieldss. excess optic musculus map. inspects external oculus constructions. inspect anterior orb constructions. inspect optic fundus ) : Luteinizing hormone has symmetrical black. thinning superciliums. with evenly topographic point dark brown eyes that appear level. Her sclerotic coat are white and moist. her students are PERRLA 3mm. Both conjunctivae are pink. and no ulcers are noted. There is a positive corneal physiological reaction noted. She is able read a Snelling oculus chart top line with her spectacless on. and so she can read the smallest line. No nys tagmus noted. Ears ( inspect external construction. otoscopic scrutiny. inspect tympanic membrane. and trial hearing sharp-sightedness ) : her ear lobes are symmetrical. bean shaped. The pinnule recoils. Small metal balls noted in lobes. Auricles are holding a steadfast gristle on tactual exploration. with no tenderness. No discharge noted. with little chocolate-brown ruddy earwaxs noted in left ear. the membrane is level. and pearly grey in colour Nose. Mouth. and Throat ( Inspect and feel the olfactory organ. palpates the sinus country. inspect the oral cavity. inspect the pharynx ) : LHs olfactory organ is midline without discharge. The rhinal septum is midline. The rhinal mucous membrane is ruddy pink. Both nares are patent. The frontal and maxillary sinusitis is integral no tenderness upon tactual exploration. No Temporomandibular crepitus noted. Chewing gums are pinkish. without shed blooding. Withdrawing gums noted on lower forepart dentitions. Dental carries in back dentition and no halitosis. Tongue pink moist intact has no lesions or varicosities. JP is able to travel her lingua freely. Gag physiological reaction is integral. Her tonsils were removed at age 4. Her windpipe is midline. with no nodules. Her thyroid is non tangible. She has scope of full gesture in her cervix. Skin. Hair and Nails ( inspect and palpate tegument. temperature. wet. lesions. inspect and palpate hair. distribution. texture. inspect and palpate nails. contour. colour. learn introspection techniques ) : Skin colour is brown. supple and warm. There is a midline cicatrix noted on lower venters. good healed and integral. Nails manicured. pink with Polish in topographic point. Breasts and Axilla ( deferred ) Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic System ( inspect weaponries. symmetricalness. pulsations ; inspect legs. venous form. varicosities. pulsations. colour. swelling. and balls ) : LH legs are warm. integral. green broken venas noted on the dorsum of both legs. integral. Radial pulsations are tangible. strong. and equal. Roentgen 56. L58Her legs show no venous engorgement. Bilateral pedal pulses 2+ . strong. Cardiovascular System ( inspect and palpate carotid arterias. jugular venous system. precordium heaving or lift. apical urge ; auscultate rate and beat ; place S1 and S2. any excess bosom sounds. mutter ) : No jugular vena dilatation. No lift. heave. or pulsing over the aortal. pneumonic. or mitral valves. Heart sounds are strong and regular. with S1S2 hearable at all anatomic sites. Apical rate 58 Sinus Bradycardia no ectopy. jugular venas distention noted. Thorax and Lungs ( inspect thoracic coop. symmetricalness. haptic fremitus. windpipe ; feel symmetrical enlargement ; percussion of anterior. sidelong and posterior. unnatural take a breathing sounds ) : Lung sounds clear bilaterally throughout lung Fieldss Musculoskeletal System ( inspect cervical spinal column for size. contour. swelling. mass. malformation. hurting. scope of gesture ; inspect shoulders for size. colour. contour. swelling. mass. malformation. hurting. scope of gesture ; inspect cubituss for size. colour. contour. swelling. mass. malformation. hurting. scope of gesture ; inspect carpus and custodies for size. colour. contour. swelling. mass. malformation. hurting. scope of gesture ; inspect hips for size. colour. contour. swelling. mass. malformation. hurting. scope of gesture ; inspect articulatio genuss for size. colour. contour. swelling. mass. malformation. hurting. scope of gesture ; in spect mortise joints and pess for size. colour. contour. swelling. mass. malformation. hurting and scope of gesture ) : Extremities are equal in size. with equal contraction. and no nonvoluntary motions. LH is able to counter act gravitation and opposition on ROM. Reflexes integral and strong. All appendages can execute full scope of gesture. There is no hydrops and no crepitus. Extremity colour is even. Gastrointestinal System ( contour of venters. general symmetricalness. skin colour and status. pulsing and motion. navel. hair distribution ; auscultate intestine sound ; . percuss all four quarter-circles ; percuss boundary line of liver ; light tactual exploration in all four quadrants– musculus wall. tenderness. hypertrophied variety meats. multitudes. bounce tenderness. CVA tenderness ) : Contour is level with no seeable vermiculation. Skin is pink with striae noted on lower abdominal quarter-circles. No aortal pulsing noted. No tenderness. with intestine sound noted in all 4 quarter-circles underactive. Abdomen soft and level. The liver can non be palpated. Tension is smooth and consistent with no musculus guarding. Genitourinary System ( deferred ) FHP AssessmentCognitive-Perceptual Form: LH wears spectacless for disciplinary vision. has long term and short term callback. Learns best by listening. she is able to hear and compose without trouble. LH is frequently distracted by place state of affairss and emphasis. LH is sing uncomfortableness for her right articulatio genus. she utilizing heat battalions and hurting medicine. Nutritional-Metabolic Form: Luteinizing hormone watches her Na. fat and sugar consumption. She is non dieting ; nevertheless her end is to keep her weight within 5lbs of the mark Harmonizing to the American Heart Association 2012. cholesterin is governable. and a major factor in hazard for coronary arteria disease. shot. and bosom onslaught ( AHA. 2012 ) . Sexuality-Reproductive Form: LH is Gravida 2. Para 2 Abortions 0. She has 2 grownup boies. and 1 grandson. LH is premenopausal and denies complications except for the occasional â€Å"hot flash† . LH is non utilizing any medicines â€Å"I’m allowing it happen naturally† . LH is married this is her 3rd hubby. been married for 8 old ages and is sexually active and monogamous. Pattern of Elimination: LH studies daily bowel motions. with occasional irregularity. She uses prune juice and Metamucil. Pattern of Activity and Exercise: LH was running 3x hebdomadal until the process she is presently making Physical Therapy 2x hebdomad for 6 hebdomads. She lifts manus weights daily. Pattern of Sleep and Rest: LH sleeps 5-6 hours daily without sleep AIDSs. Pattern of Self-Perception and Self-Concept: LH is seting to her function as charge nurse at dark. keeping her function as married woman. grandma and female parent. LH has 1 brother. who she speaks to weekly and her female parent 3x weekly. Both of whom lives in another province. LH states â€Å"I experience better than most adult females my age† Situation ( ground for seeking attention. patient statements ) : LH is a 47 year-old African American female. She is 67 inches and 149lbs. She is position postop right articulatio genus arthroscopy Right articulatio genus uncomfortableness. right articulatio genus with one dressing. LH uncomfortableness degree is 4/10. pounding when up ambulating. Background ( wellness and household history. recent observations ) : The patient has a history of right articulatio genus hurting after ramble oning Assessment ( appraisal of wellness province or jobs. nursing diagnosing ) : VSS= T 36. 1. P58. BP 106/58. Patient faces upon walking. Gait steady. ambulating with crutches full weight bearing on right articulatio genus. No Pedal pulses +2. habitue. Students are PERRLA. Lung sounds are clear bilaterally throughout lung Fieldss and bosom rate is regular 58 SB with S1S2 hearable. Recommendation ( diagnostic rating. follow-up attention. patient instruction learning including wellness publicity instruction ) : instruction on hurting direction. manus rinsing and exercising. Continue with Physical therapy Patient instruction on the usage of anti-thrombotic hosiery. when standing and walking for long periods. Stretching musculuss prior to exerting. Stretching the musculuss and sin ews that surround the articulations to better flexibleness. Nursing DiagnosisNursing Diagnosis: Impaired Physical Mobility R/T to diminish ROM of right articulatio genus 1 hebdomad station op. Intervention 1: Educate LH to halt running on difficult surfaces or activity instantly and describe to the doctor if she experiences the undermentioned symptoms: new or worsened strength or increased frequence of discomfort Rationale: Runing on difficult surfaces causes. the articulations and sinews to go worn and loses the synovial fluid around the joint. Patient Result: LH will hold less uncomfortableness when running. Intervention 2: LH will go on with physical therapy for opposition exercising preparation. including abdominal crunch. leg imperativeness. leg extension. leg coil. calf imperativenesss. Rationale: Six months of opposition exercising greatly increased their aerophilic capacity. perchance from increased skeletal musculus strength and flexibleness. Decision LH has healthy behaviours sing physical wellness. However. she needs to develop better ways to alleviate emphasis. ( i. e. talking with a counsellor. reading books. go toing church ) . Besides LH needs to better her sleeping hours. by developing sleep clip rites ( i. e. turn off Television. turn off visible radiations. and cover the Windowss ) . LH will pull off her uncomfortableness. by go oning on hurting medicine as prescribed. and follow up with sawbones assignments as directed. Suggested LH utilize local YMCA for H2O exercising. less tenseness on the articulatio genuss. LH will be go toing church and bible survey to assist with get bying mechanisms. Mentions Carpenito L. J. ( 2011 ) . Nursing Diagnosis Handbook: An Evidence-Based Guide toPlaning Care ( 14th ed. ) . Wolters. Kluwer. AHA. ( 2012 ) . Preventing Heart Disease. Retrieved Aug 7. 2012. from American Heart Association: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. bosom. org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Conditions_UCM_001087_SubHomePage. jsp American Dental Association. ( 2012 ) . Retrieved Sept 26. 2012. from Mouth Healthy: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. mouthhealthy. org/en/adults Cluett. J. ( 2012 ) . Knee Pain. Retrieved Sept 28. 2012. from About Orthopedicss: hypertext transfer protocol: //orthopedics. about. com/cs/hipsurgery/a/hippain. htm Jarvis. C. ( 2012 ) . Physical Examination A ; Health Assessment ( 6 ed. ) . St Louis: Saunders. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. webmd. com/pain-management/knee-pain/runners-knee

Current State of Credit Card Industry in America Essay

Current State of Credit Card Industry in America - Essay Example This essay offers a thorough analysis of the state of the credit card market in the United states. Since the early eighties, the credit card industry in America have been controlled by the banking and financial associations, namely VISA and Master Card International. Over the years, several merchants have entered the credit markets and have strategically focused on expanding their market share which led to the flooding of credit cards in the US market. Looking at the rapid expansion of the credit card market; there are ominous signs for default in card payments which is the next most likely risk in the US economy after the mortgage crisis. This is due to the fact that the customers repayment capability of the credit card customers have declined after the economic crisis due to loss of jobs, fall of income, foreclosure of their homes, etc. The credit card risk in USA has serious consequences for the credit companies, financial sector and the economy of US. The payment default of the customers would result in the loss of return on investments for the banks and credit card companies. The personal finance schemes would prove to be a failure and the credit card companies would loose huge amounts lent in the US market. This loss would affect the liquidity of the companies and the investors would loose confidence on the company’s performance. The market information on the declining performance of the companies would result in erosion of shareholder’s wealth and the share prices in the market would fall. The overall decline in performance of the credit card industry would affect the market performance and the market index would plunge once more after the global financial crisis (Jickling 88). Proposed Solution The solutions to overcome the next most likely risk in the credit card markets of US have been proposed as follows. The increase in the credit card market risk is due to the intention of the market players to squeeze the borrowers to the fullest and restore their profit margins after receiving a setback from the losses of the mortgage market. The proposed solution includes intervention of the government to cut back the rising interest rates and the deceptive tactics employed by the credit card issues in charging the customers with more amount of repayment. Already the income level of the customers has lowered and a further rise in interest of the credit card companies would extract the entire liquidity from the economy and would raise the subsequent risk of credit card default . Thus government regulations on stabilization of the interest rates and reduction of the hidden costs would help to maintain a position of equilibrium in the credit card market. Secondly, the tightening of the eligibility criteria for credit cards is another solution proposed to avoid the future consequences. The credit cards in the US markets should be issued to worthy borrowers by estimating their income level and repayment capability. Customers like the students who have limitations in repaying the borrowed amounts should not be flooded with credit cards. These policies of the credit card companies are likely to resolve the situation of a likely future crisis in the credit card industry. Consequences of what happens if change is not made The future consequences are grave if changes in the credit card policies and the interest rates are implemented by the market players. The customers who have been facing a constraint in liquidity level would use the credit cards as their last re sort. If the ever rising interests rates initially from 10% to 15% and then to 20% in the subsequent stages are not cut back, this will increase the

The Benefits Of Diversity To British Society And As To How Such A Essay

The Benefits Of Diversity To British Society And As To How Such A Diverse Society May Cause Its Own Tension And Conflict - Essay Example The migration of people into Britain including work permit holders in 2003 was 119000. When the increase in the population was 2.2 million, 1.14 million was from abroad. Birmingham, Bradford, Leicester and Oldham have Pakistanis and Indians. French, Portuguese, Greeks, Poles and Zimbabweans make up smaller proportions of the foreign- born. However when the second generation who are citizens are considered, the number just swells (Wood et al, 2006, p. 2). The debate on the diversity issue is an ongoing one. Originally the issues dwelled on how many people Britain could accommodate as new citizens. The conservative right viewed immigration as a threat to the national perspective (Banting and Will, 2004). Tensions are possible in 2 situations: the â€Å"heterogeneity/redistribution† tension and the recognition/ redistribution. In the first, social policies are difficult to implement because of the difficulty in eliciting trust and national solidarity among the ethnic groups or different races. Occasionally the multiculturalism policies increase the tension between diversity and social solidarity. Both reduce the support for redistribution. A British sociologist, T.H.Marshall, believed that citizenship must possess a feeling of community and have the feelings of trust, reciprocity or mutual obligation. The immigrants having been awarded many social benefits called social citizenship, developed a national consciousness (1950, p.8) . Social capital is hindered by ethnicity issues. Trusting one’s neighbours and getting involved in the social networks supports the capacity for collective action (Putnam, 2000). It is difficult to earn the trust of minorities when compared to the majority; trusting across racial differences is a challenge. However other factors like income, gender, age and social spending appear to score over ethnicity. The level of social spending in ethnic diversity depends on the amount of economic development, age distribution of the

Training Session Essay Example for Free

Training Session Essay In this task I am going to design a six week training programme for two selected contrasting clients, I will the explain the choice of activities for these clients. I will then justify these choices for both of my clients and I will suggest alternatives for activities. For my first client I have chosen two main areas of improvement, these areas would be core strength and cardiovascular endurance. I have chosen these two areas because from the exercises and fitness test that we have performed my client has showed a weakness in those areas and they would like to improve on these areas. Week 1 For the first week I have decided to introduce both core strength and cardiovascular exercises, I have stated that I would like my client to start at 12 in the afternoon and I would like her to work at around 50 percent intensity. I would have her start off with a general warm up e.g. 10 minute jog and stretches. The session would last 10 minutes with a 30 second rest between each set and a 1 minute rest after each exercise. Then I would progress into the training programme, the first exercise I would have her do would be 2 sets of 20 sit ups. I chose sit ups because they are a good way of improving the strength and tone of stomach muscles which will help in developing core strength. I have chosen this exercise rather than crunches because I feel that crunches might be too hard to do at first, but when she can do more sit ups I will then progress it onto crunches. An alternative to sit ups would be leg raises because they will work the same muscles, at the amount of stress and my client might find them easier than sit ups. I would then go onto 2 sets of 12 men’s style press ups; I have chosen this style of press ups because this will help the strength in her arms as well as the strength of her abdominals and will help improve core strength. I have chosen these rather than woman’s style press ups because I feel like she will benefit more from men’s style because she will have to work harder and her muscle will develop better because this exercise is harder for her than the other type. So the alternative for this exercise would be the woman’s style press up, it is easier than the other style and my client might be able to perform more, and it would still be working the same muscle groups, that is why I have chosen this as an alternative. I would then move onto 2 sets of 12 lungs with a 2kg weight in one hand: I chose this exercise because I feel that it will help my client’s core strength, leg strength and  will also improve her balance. I chose to use a weight rather than not to use one because it will put her muscles under more stress and will make it harder for her which will help the muscles that she is using cope with future exercises. An alternative exercise would be to do lunges but do not use a weight, because it will be easier for my client to do the exercise but will still put strain and stress on the muscles groups that she is using. For the final exercise I would have my client do 2 sets of 12 squats: I chose this exercise because it will help develop the stomach muscles, improve leg strength, and will help improve core stability. I chosen to do this exercise rather than burpes because I think overall this will help with more things and improve her core strength greater than doing burpes. An alternative exercise would be to perform jump squats, for less repetitions, I chose this because I think it will still use the same muscle groups but because it is an explosive exercise it could put the body under more strain which will help develop the muscles that we are using. Second day For this day I am going to concentrate on core strength, I would like my client to work at 30 percent intensity it is a low intensity but I have chosen this because her muscles will need to time to recover from the exercise on the first day. She will need to start these exercises at 12 in the afternoon. For these exercises I would need her to do a general warm up for 10 minutes but focus more on stretching the muscles that will be in use. The session will last about 10 minutes with a 1 minute rest between each exercise and a 20 second rest between each set. The first exercise that I want my client to do is 2 sets of 20 crunches, I chose this exercise because it is a good way of using all of your abdominal muscles and will help improve core strength and stability. I chose this exercise rather than regular sit ups because sit ups don’t use all of the abdominal muscles and don’t put as much strain on these muscles unlike crunches. An alternative to doing crunches would be to go back to doing regular sit ups, this is easier than doing the crunches but it will still help on improving core strength and stability because it is still using the abdominal muscles. Then I would move onto doing the core stability exercise the plank. I chose to use the plank because it shows me how good my clients core strength and stability is and it is a great way to tone up the abdominal muscles and improve strength  in that area. An alternative to the plank could be press ups, my client would still be using the same muscles but this would improve the strength of her arms and would still help tone up and define the stomach muscles. Then the final exercise that I would have my client perform would be the leg raise hold. I chose this exercise because it helps tone up and develop the strength of the abdominal muscles and it is another way of me seeing the ability of my client core strength. An alternative to doing the lag raise hold w ould be to do leg raises, my client would still be using the same muscles and it would be easier for my client to do that’s why it would be a good alternative. T hird day For this day I am going to concentrate on core stability and strength. I would like my client to work at 40 percent intensity I have chosen this intensity because we the day before we have concentrated on core strength and I don’t want my client to become injured. I want my client to concentrate on doing stretches for this warm up so that she doesn’t pull a muscle or strain one because we are using the same muscle groups all the time. The session will last 10 minutes and will have 30 rests between each exercise. The first exercise that I want my client to perform is going to be 2 sets of 12 leg raises. I chose this exercise because it helps strengthen the stomach muscles and also helps tone the muscles that are being used. I chosen this rather than just doing sit ups because it’s something different and it will stop my client from becoming bored of doing the same exercises. An alternative of doing this exercise would be do perform sit up it would still be using the same muscles but won’t help tone and define them as much as leg raises do. The second exercise that I want my client to do is going to be the sit up bike for 1 minute. I chose this exercise because it will help strengthen and tone up the stomach muscles and will help develop the muscles for later exercises. I chose this instead of the leg raise hold because I think this is a good change and will keep my client interested in the training programme. An alternative to this exercise could be sit ups, they still work the same muscle groups and will still help develop the muscles un that area. The third exercise that I would like my client to do would be the plank for 1 minute.

The Stranger (The Outsider), Nausea, and Death on the Installment Plan :: comparison compare contrast essays

The Stranger (The Outsider), Nausea, and Death on the Installment Plan      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Stranger, by Albert Camus, Nausea, by Jean-Paul Sartre, and Death on the Installment Plan, by Louis-Ferdinand Celine, all contrast themselves with internal texts that fail to represent the world competently. The Stranger includes the prosecutor's narrative of the murders as an incompetent text by refusing to support the motives he assigns. It contrasts itself with the prosecutor's narrative in view of the excessive language of the prosecutor versus the simple reporting of Meursault. The Stranger similarly positions comments by Marie and Raymond as incompetent by contrasting their pity with the text's own view that no event is truly pitiable. Nausea positions a text by Balzac as incompetent because it assigns cause to events by using psychology and past time. The novel includes paintings of a wayward bachelor and bourgeois grandfather as incompetent texts. Nausea also positions the Self-Taught Man's description of adventure as incompetent by arguing t hat adventure is a social construct. Death on the Installment Plan marks an effusive letter to Courtial as incompetent, in contrast with Ferdinand's stance of reporting. It also positions Courtial's pamphlets promoting an outdoor education as incompetent by showing that they misrepresent Courtial's intentions and ability. Death also uses Auguste's letter to Ferdinand as an attempt to bend Ferdinand to the values of the bourgeoisie, which he questions. Each of the three texts increase its own verisimilitude through its implicit comparison with inadequate internal texts.    The Stranger contrasts its narrative of the murder of the Arab with the prosecutor's narrative, in terms of the faulty motives that the prosecutor ascribes to Meursault. The prosecutor provides a cause for each of Meursault's actions. Meursault summarizes the prosecutor's case: "I had asked [Raymond] to give me his gun. I had gone back alone intending to use it. I had shot the Arab as I planned . . . And to make sure I had done the job right, I fired four more shots" (99). However, the text does not assign these causes to the murder. As Meursault approaches the Arab, he realizes that "[as] far as I was concerned, the whole thing was over, and I'd gone there without even thinking about it" (58).

Communication and Direct Eye Contact

Where Do We Stand? O Lisa Davis Lisa Davis in this article focuses on cross-cultural difference in the use of personal space and on conflicts and misunderstanding that often arises from these differences. She maintains that with enough training and preaching. People can learn non-verbal habitat of other culture and minimize intercultural problems. She says the main cause of non-verbal conflict is the tendency for people to interrelate the non-verbal pattern of other culture in terms of the pattern within their own culture.These ethnocentric viewings of reality often result in misinterpretation negative value judgment and feeling of discomfort. 1) American use more direct eye contact than do Japanese (Para 6) 2) South American converse at a closet distant and establish more direct eye contact than do another European. (Para 7) 3) Men tend to converse at a greater distance than do women. (Para 8&9) 4) Women established more eyes contact than do men. (Para 9) ) Russians are a higher con tact, a people whereas establishes are a non-contact group. (para10) 6) Caucasians should view a student avoidance of eye contact as sign of deception whereas Asian teachers see such avoidance as sign of foreign. (Para 11) 7) An American who is used to standing on the corner of elevator and avoiding eyes contact with other people will feel that something is wearing if someone stand by a few inches away. (Para 17) 8) South Arabian men often hold hand while walking but American men don’t. t is important to follow the foreign country's ways when people go to foreign country because there are huge differences between own country and foreign country. Especially, the way of communication makes people  confuse. According to â€Å"Where Do We Stand† by Lisa Davis, people have different way of non-verbal communication, which depends on their cultural back ground and gender. As a result, people sometimes feel uncomfortable when they communicate with other people. In Japan, the re are some different communications styles, which make  foreigner  confuse.

A Significant Symbol in U.S. Contemporary History Essay

The statement above is just one of the several famous and affecting quotes from a former president of the United States of America, Dwight David Eisenhower. In this short and concise statement, his general principles, beliefs, and ideologies may be observed. This man with a huge heart for peace and humanity has been perceived by millions of Americans as a tough yet upright and high-profiled symbol of the government over the decades. However, this man who has been looked up to by the whole of America may be discovered to have humble beginnings—brought up from a simple family, he was an average boy who grew up to fulfill great dreams and great aspirations for the United States of America. On the 14th day of October in 1890, Dwight David Eisenhower, of David Eisenhower, a mechanic, and Ida Elizabeth Stover, a religious pacifist, was born (Kelly). As a child, he had to help his family and work with extra effort in order to suffice their everyday necessities. He was brought up in a simple yet very religious environment where people are exposed to real-life plain-living (The Eisenhower Foundation). He was born in Denison, Texas, but they eventually moved to Abilene in Kansas where he spent his early education in humble community schools. During this stage of his life, he was raised to be a fun loving youth who was fascinated with the Western American history and had always dreamed of getting into college and obtaining a degree which was considered an extravagance for families like his during that time (The Eisenhower Foundation). It was in Abilene where he had his early foundations, and it was also the place where he acquired his early values which eventually molded him to what people know him for—a noble and principled individual. Eisenhower joined the U. S. Military at West Point, New York on the 14th day of June in 1911 (â€Å"Dwight David Eisenhower†). Here, he was made into a principled and trained fighter which helped him to reach the rank of Second Lieutenant on September 1915. This was the start of his career in the military which have been a difficult battle and a rich learning experience as well for the fighter Eisenhower. In his entire military career, he has been blessed with the might of an ultimate warrior and a fair mind of a just leader. He has been part of several historical events such as McArthur’s venture to the Philippine Islands and the First and Second World War (â€Å"Dwight David Eisenhower†). Eventually, he was able to receive several recognitions due to his selfless and self-sacrificing service for the United States. On the 4th day of November in 1952, he was awarded with the greatest authority an American citizen could ever have; he became the 34th president of the Unites States of America (The Eisenhower Foundation). As it appears, the presidents of the world are given this special privilege of being immortalized through their works and principles. However, people may still question why a person such as Dwight Eisenhower should be remembered when all the other presidents seem to have done the same thing: to serve the country. As Eisenhower ventured in the greatest challenge to rule America, he was faced with serious challenges through the problems and obstacles in the political and economic sectors. The American values and the national security have been put in great risk by the powerful Europe and Asia which vexed the newly appointed president (Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission). Yet, despite these challenges, he maintained his aim on his strategies and game-plans on how he can win every battle that the country was facing at that time, such as the Cold War which he skillfully handled with utmost determination. In addition, as Eisenhower went through the most difficult and complex challenges as a president, he was able to maintain the balance in the national budget, the credibility of the country’s fiscal responsibility, and the public works that were significant in the lives of his people. He became remarkable in his efforts to establish sturdy innovations to the government as a whole and to his presidency in order to improve not just the country’s infrastructures but also the morale and dignity of the government (Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission). Eisenhower also had that incomparable heart for his people. He recognized the needs and the grievances of the less fortunate Americans which led him to establish agencies like the Department of Health and the Education and Welfare in 1953, while he also made improvements in the Social Security through increased benefits for millions of Americans (Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission). These were just some of his simple yet very significant efforts that will forever rest in Americans’ memories as he left them after a long heart ailment on the solemn day of March 28, 1969 uttering his last words, â€Å"I want to go; God take me. † (The Eisenhower Foundation). Among the many presidents that the United States has met, Dwight Eisenhower created a difference as inspired by his upbringing. It provided him enough courage and determination to reach greater heights. It may appear that the function and role of the American president is one of the hardest and most complicated in the world. Yet, to think that Eisenhower was able to go through it while maintaining a spiritual and fair heart is also commendable. A leader who does not allow his power and authority to rule his heart has also been attributed to Eisenhower by the people themselves. This is because while he was a man who was very well exposed to violence and wars, he spoke of peace and freedom from strife. Over his years of service, aside from literally fighting for his nation and helping to winning the wars, he was able to win the trust and confidence of his people through keeping his values and morale in his leadership strategy. Truly, it may be hard to find a perfect leader. Nevertheless, finding a leader like Eisenhower who had a sense of humor and integrity at the same time can also be one in a million chances. Considering the accounts of history which tell stories of Eisenhower as a hero of America, it may appear that he indeed played a significant role in the U. S. contemporary history. A man who led a simple life as a child and grew up to become the person with the highest authority in America but never abused his powers for wealth and personal interest is indeed worthy of remembrance. Indeed, no person must be judged according to his or her roots. Certainly, societal status does not in any way make a discerning factor to tell the worth and value of a person, because if there is any symbol and example who best represents a story of humble roots to the height of glory and honor in America, it would be undeniably someone like former President Dwight Eisenhower of the United States. Works Cited Bancroft, David G. â€Å"Dwight D. Eisenhower: 34th President (1953-1961). † USA Patriotism. 2002. 24 November 2008 . Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission. Why Memoralize Eisenhower?. 27 August 2008. 24 November 2008 . â€Å"Dwight David Eisenhower†. The Eisenhower Library Information Resources. September 2000. Ibiblio. 24 November 2008 . The Eisenhower Foundation. Biography: Dwight David Eisenhower October 14, 1890-March 28, 1969. 05 August 2008. Eisenhower. com. 24 November 2008 . Kelly, Martin. â€Å"Dwight D. Eisenhower- Thirty-Fourth President of the United States. † About. com: American History. 24 November 2008. .

Lonliness and Friendship essays

Lonliness and Friendship essays In Of Mice and Men, written by George Steinbeck, George and Lennies vision is of a place of their own, where they can live and have rabbits and can be protected from hurt. As the two men think about their dreams of the future, Candy, Crooks, and even Curleys wife reveal that they also have dreams of a life far different from this present one. George trusts Lennie too much and as a result, Lennie kills both Curleys wife and Georges dream at the same time. The relationship between George and Lennie is unique in that the farmhand is usually an isolated person. It is emphasized that two workers are virtually never seen together. Lennie and George have an attachment and understanding between them; their relationship is different and valuable. Their basic relationship is seen to be the starting factor in their dream. Guys like us, that work on ranches, are the loneliest men in the world. They dont belong no place.... With us it aint like that. We got a future. We got somebody to talk to that cares about us.... The theme of loneliness is explained in many ways. Old Candy has only one dog and when it is killed, he hears of George and Lennies dream and attaches himself to them so that he wont end up someday totally alone and friendless. Even after Lennie kills Curleys wife, old Candy still wants to join George and carry out the dream. Also, Crooks is betrayed to be on the verge of destruction, because a guy needs somebody to be near him... Dont make no difference who the guy is, as long as he is with you. Crooks would be willing to come to the farm and work for nothing just to have the opportunity to communicate with people. Curlys wife ultimately is one of the loneliest people, Her behavior is so hated, that no one comes very sympathetic, but she makes herself so offensive because she is driven by her loneliness. She is over ...

Angelinas Interest in the Property Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Angelinas Interest in the Property - Essay Example Where the parties hold joint title to property and there is no declaration of beneficial ownership the law will presume that the parties are joint tenants. It can therefore be presumed the Angelina holds both the legal and equitable interest in the house jointly with Brad. As a result of the joint tenancy, the whole of the property is treated as if it is owned entirely by the parties and not in specific shares. In other words, in the eyes of the law, Brad and Angelina own 100% of the shares in the property together. When parties hold property together as joint tenants, the property passes from one to another upon the death of one of the parties under the doctrine of jus accrescendi. Therefore, when one party passes away, the whole of the property will automatically vest in the surviving joint tenant. As a result, it will be presumed by law that upon Brad’s death, Angelina automatically becomes entitled to the fee simple absolute in the property. However, the presumption can be rebutted by evidence of a common intention to sever the joint tenancy or to create a tenancy in common which will affect the shares that Angelina is entitled to. For instance, if Charles, Jennifer and Erica assert claims to an interest in the property, the court will deter mine whether or not sufficient evidence of a common intention to divide the property as tenants in common exists and if so the extent to which the property should be divided. 4 For present purposes, it can be stated that based on the documents of title, Angelina and Brad held the property jointly as joint tenants, unless Charles, Erica and/or Jennifer can successfully rebut the presumption. If Angelina’s name did not appear on the documents of title, the court would necessarily examine the common intentions of the party in order to ascertain what Angelina’s interest in the property should be. It will not automatically be inferred that just because Brad and Angelina were involved in a relationship at the time the house was purchased that they shared a common intention to own the property jointly. The courts will examine the evidence of common intention to determine whether or not there is sufficient evidence for justifying Angelina’s claim to joint ownership despite the legal title.5 The court will determine how the property should be divided by reference to â€Å"what the parties must, in light of their conduct, be taken to have inte nded.†6 In assessing the common intentions of the parties, the court will take account of the number of factors including the contributions that the parties made toward the property’s purchase price. The court will also take account of, conversations/communications around the time the purchase was conducted; the reason for purchasing the property in one parties’ name alone; the reason the property was purchased; the parties’ relationship; children involved; financing of the home; how the parties dealt with the financial affairs either separately or jointly; and how the property and household expenses were dealt with.7 Based on these factors it can be assumed that while Brad and Angelina were both responsible for the mortgage, Brad eventually discharged most of the mortgage although the initial deposit was furnished by Brad and his father Charles. The couple shared a child and obviously purchased the home together as a family home. Charles’ contribut ion will be viewed as a gift to the couple and will not be looked upon as a contribution by Brad.8 Based on the evidence it appears that the couple shared a family and divided the responsibilities for the family home between them. Brad took care of most of the family expenses, discharged the bulk of the mortgage while Angelina took care of the children. Although, Angelina’

Materials and Surface Engineering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Materials and Surface Engineering - Essay Example Therefore, the mating surfaces should be accessible so that the lubricant can be applied at regular intervals. However, in many cases, the mating surfaces may be in radioactive or toxic zone or may be inaccessible due to design considerations. In such cases on cannot depend on liquid lubricants. At high load and low speed the liquid lubricant film is not thick enough to ensure effective separation of the mating surfaces and therefore, frictional force and wear loss increases. Therefore, one cannot rely on liquid lubricants under such operating conditions. Liquid lubricants are not good for high temperature applications as viscosity decreases with increasing temperature and vapors may also be produced at higher temperature. Therefore, liquid lubricants are not suitable for application at higher temperatures. Liquid lubricants are not clean in itself in the sense that it gets spread on the workplace and also dirt and dust gets adhered to it deteriorating the cleanliness of the workplace further. Therefore, liquid lubricants are not preferred for clean applications. Q6. A steel ball of elastic modulus E1 and Poisson’s ratio ï  ®1 (figure, below) is pressing with load P onto a flat metallic surface of aluminum plate having elastic modulus E2 and Poisson’s ratio ï  ®2 and hardness H. (d) This equation gives a much larger value for the volume of wear than what is experimentally observed or what is observed in real life. The difference is very high and is 4 to 7 order of magnitude higher than that observed in the experiments. This is because not all but only a very small fraction of the asperity contacts result in wear of the material and therefore, in stead of the equality sign in the Archard’s wear equation, there should be a proportionality sign. When this is done a constant is introduced in the equation whose value is determined experimentally. Thus the revised equation